A
Almen gage: an instrument used to measure the arch height created
by shot peening an Almen strip.
Almen strip: a small hardened and
tempered test strip, which curves on one side when submitted to the intensity of
a shot blast stream. Standard Almen strips are available in three different thicknesses,
which are represented by a letter code: A, N, and C.
Anodize: a process whereby the
surface of metal is coated with an oxide layer, often colored, in order to increase
corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
Arch height: the amount of upward deflection of an Almen strip
after it has been submitted to a shot blast stream on one side.
B
Bench / benching: a mechanical process, performed manually, used
to remove both interior and exterior burrs and surface imperfections by the use
of hand tools.
C
Certification: a record provided to a customer, that all job specifications
have been achieved.
Compressive stress: the stress applied to a surface by peening;
resulting in its compaction (the volume of the material tends to condense).
Continual improvement: recurring activity to increase the ability
to fulfill requirements.
Correction: action to eliminate nonconformity.
Corrective action: action to eliminate the cause of a detected
nonconformity or other undesirable situation.
Coverage: the ratio of the area covered by impacts of peening media
to the entire surface area of the peened part, expressed as a percentage. Full coverage
is determined when 98% of the original surface is dimpled by peening media. 200%
coverage is obtained by doubling the exposure time required to reach full coverage.
D
Deviation: permission to use or release a product that does not
conform to specified requirements.
Dry blast: mechanical process used to surface condition metals
and other materials by impacting the surface with a dry loose grain media delivered
by compressed air. DETAILS HERE.
F
Fatigue life: the number of stress cycles that a part can endure
prior to complete failure.
Ferrous: a metal composed primarily of iron.
First article: a sample part, processed to customer specifications,
used to confirm acceptability of processing.
Fluorescent tracer: a method to determine shot peen coverage, whereby
the part to be peened is coated with a fluorescent, which under ultraviolet light
glows yellow. After peening, if there is no trace of the coating then the coverage
has exceeded 100%.
Foreign object: any material that is not intended to be part of
the final product.
I
Intensity: the amount of
pressure applied to the work piece by the peening media. The result of the pressure
is measured by the arc height of a peened Almen strip at saturation, which quantifies
the depth of the compressive layer generated by the peening process on the surface
of the work piece.
K
Key characteristics: the features of a material, process, or part
whose variation has a significant influence on product fit, performance, service
life, or manufacturability.
L
Liquid Hone: a process that utilizes a slurry of water, compound
and media to mechanically etch the surface of both ferrous and non-ferrous metals,
which provides a clean, uniform micro surface.
DETAILS HERE.
M
Mask / masking: the application of a barrier to a section of a
part to prohibit application of a finishing process, such as peening or blasting,
to the masked area.
Mass finish: a mechanical process used for surface conditioning
metals and other materials by exposing the surface to a composition of honing media,
liquid soap and water together in a chamber that is rotating in a manner to cause
the honing media to remove sharp edges and surface contamination.
Matte finish: a dull surface finish achieved using an angular particle,
such as aluminum oxide. The surface must be prepared and conditioned before applying
the cosmetic finish or any imperfections will show through.
Media: material used in the peening process. Common types of media
include steel shot and glass bead.
DETAILS HERE.
Micro-surface finish: a surface
finish with a RMS rating of better than 62.
N
Nonconformity: non-fulfillment of a requirement.
Nonferrous: metals, such as aluminum and titanium, which do not
contain iron or iron alloys.
O
Outside process: a process performed by a sub-contracted supplier
to Industrial Metal Finishing.
P
Passivate: a chemical process used for removing sulfates and ferrous
materials from the surface of stainless steel.
Polish finish: a highly reflective surface finish that enhances
the color of the metal. The surface must be prepared and conditioned before applying
the cosmetic finish or any imperfections will show through.
Preventive action: action to eliminate the cause of a potential
nonconformity or other undesirable situation.
Q
Quality: degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills
requirements.
Quality objective: something sought, or aimed for, related to quality.
Quality plan: a document specifying which procedures and associated
resources shall be applied by whom and when to a specific project, product, process
or contract.
Quality planning: part of quality management focused on setting
quality objectives and specifying necessary operational processes and related resources
to fulfill the quality objectives.
Quality Policy: overall intentions and direction of an organization
related to quality as formally expressed by top management.
SEE OUR QUALITY POLICY HERE.
Quality System Management Representative: designation given to
that individual who is assigned the responsibility and authority described in ISO
9001:2000 and AS 9100 Rev B, Clause 5.5.2. (Note: the designation “QSMR”
is added to the title of the current QSMR where “management representative”
responsibility per 5.5.2 is required).
R
Record: document stating results achieved or providing evidence
of activities performed.
Requirement: need or expectation that is stated, generally implied
or obligatory.
RMS: the abbreviation of root mean
squared; a statistical measure of the magnitude of a varying quantity
(in the cast of metal finishing, the varying quantity between the peaks and valleys
on the surface of metal).
S
Saturation: as displayed on a saturation curve, the earliest point
in the curve where the arc height increases by 10% or less, when the exposure time
is doubled.
Satin finish: a slightly reflective surface finish achieved using
a spherical particle, such as glass bead. The surface must be prepared and conditioned
before applying the cosmetic finish or any imperfections will show through.
Saturation curve: a graphical representation of the plotted points
of arc height over exposure time, which determines the shot peening
intensity at saturation.
Shot peen: a mechanical process used for cold working metal by
impacting the surface with spherical particles which induces a work hardened surface
and a thin compressive stress layer which can increase tensile strength. DETAILS HERE.
Specification: an industry or customer standard to which parts
are processed, such as; SAE J2441and AMS 13165.
Standard(s): governmental, industry, national, and international
quality standard ISO 9001:2000 and/or AS 9100B.
Superseded Gage Designation: Some engineering specifications list
a number after the test strip letter (i.e. A2 or N2) to designate the use of a particular
type of Almen gage to measure the arc height of test strips. Formerly there were
two types of gages in use; number 1 gage and number 2 gage. Use of this designation
is no longer necessary because the number 1 gage is now obsolete.
U
Ultrasonic clean: an electromechanical chemical batch process used
for removing contaminates from both interior and exterior surfaces.
DETAILS HERE.
V
Validation: confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence
that the requirements for a specific intended use or application are capable of
being fulfilled.
Vapor blast: A mechanical process used for surface conditioning
metals and other materials by impacting the surface with a wet slurry of loose grain
media delivered by compressed air.
DETAILS HERE.